Forklift Starters - The starter motor these days is usually either a series-parallel wound direct current electric motor which includes a starter solenoid, which is similar to a relay mounted on it, or it could be a permanent-magnet composition. Once current from the starting battery is applied to the solenoid, basically through a key-operated switch, the solenoid engages a lever that pushes out the drive pinion which is situated on the driveshaft and meshes the pinion with the starter ring gear which is seen on the flywheel of the engine.
As soon as the starter motor starts to turn, the solenoid closes the high-current contacts. As soon as the engine has started, the solenoid consists of a key operated switch which opens the spring assembly to pull the pinion gear away from the ring gear. This action causes the starter motor to stop. The starter's pinion is clutched to its driveshaft by means of an overrunning clutch. This allows the pinion to transmit drive in only one direction. Drive is transmitted in this method via the pinion to the flywheel ring gear. The pinion continuous to be engaged, like for instance for the reason that the driver did not release the key when the engine starts or if there is a short and the solenoid remains engaged. This actually causes the pinion to spin separately of its driveshaft.
This aforesaid action prevents the engine from driving the starter. This is actually an essential step since this kind of back drive would allow the starter to spin very fast that it can fly apart. Unless adjustments were done, the sprag clutch arrangement would stop using the starter as a generator if it was utilized in the hybrid scheme mentioned prior. Normally a regular starter motor is meant for intermittent use which will prevent it being used as a generator.
The electrical parts are made to be able to function for approximately thirty seconds in order to stop overheating. Overheating is caused by a slow dissipation of heat is due to ohmic losses. The electrical components are intended to save weight and cost. This is really the reason the majority of owner's handbooks utilized for automobiles suggest the operator to stop for at least 10 seconds right after each and every 10 or 15 seconds of cranking the engine, when trying to start an engine which does not turn over instantly.
The overrunning-clutch pinion was introduced onto the marked in the early part of the 1960's. Before the 1960's, a Bendix drive was used. This particular drive system operates on a helically cut driveshaft which consists of a starter drive pinion placed on it. When the starter motor begins spinning, the inertia of the drive pinion assembly allows it to ride forward on the helix, hence engaging with the ring gear. Once the engine starts, the backdrive caused from the ring gear enables the pinion to go beyond the rotating speed of the starter. At this point, the drive pinion is forced back down the helical shaft and thus out of mesh with the ring gear.
The development of Bendix drive was developed during the 1930's with the overrunning-clutch design called the Bendix Folo-Thru drive, made and introduced in the 1960s. The Folo-Thru drive consists of a latching mechanism together with a set of flyweights in the body of the drive unit. This was a lot better because the average Bendix drive utilized in order to disengage from the ring when the engine fired, although it did not stay functioning.
The drive unit if force forward by inertia on the helical shaft as soon as the starter motor is engaged and starts turning. Next the starter motor becomes latched into the engaged position. Once the drive unit is spun at a speed higher than what is achieved by the starter motor itself, like for example it is backdriven by the running engine, and afterward the flyweights pull outward in a radial manner. This releases the latch and allows the overdriven drive unit to become spun out of engagement, thus unwanted starter disengagement could be avoided previous to a successful engine start.
Click to Download the pdf